Ever since the Industrial Revolution in the mid-1800s, emissions of greenhouse gasses (GHGs) have been decreasing air quality and at the same time accelerating global warming. The main source of Carbon Dioxide present in our atmosphere is a consequence of the burn of fossil fuels such as coal and oil.
25% of global CO2 emissions come from electricity and heat production while 21% comes from industrial activity.
Agriculture, forestry, and other land uses account for 24%, and transportation accounts for 14%.
China is the biggest energy consumer in the world (China Steps Up Its Push Into Clean Energy, 2018) and the country has been interested in leading the world in deployment and investment in renewable energy, and they have succeeded.
Currently, China is the world's largest producer of wind and solar energy, and the largest investor in renewable energy (Chiu, 2018).
One of the main environmental and health issues faced by China are problems of air and water pollution. Air quality is a direct reason why the Chinese government promotes renewable energy.
Fossil fuel energy production and consumption was the cause of 90% of the country's sulfur dioxide emissions.
7 out of the 10 most polluted cities in the world are Chinese, and that climate change is a large contributor to China's smog crisis.
The RAND Corporation estimated that air pollution cost $535 billion (6.5% of China's GDP) in 2012.
A UC Berkeley study showed that air pollution causes an estimated 1.6 million deaths a year - 17% of all deaths in the country.
The country's commitment to invest in renewables is also based on the fact of its large potential for further production and consumption increases. By increasing the proportion of renewable sources in its energy sources, China can reduce geopolitical tensions by being less dependent on unstable regions for energy security (Chiu, 2018).
By 2030, one-fifth of China's electricity consumption is expected to come from non-fossil fuel sources
The Five Year Plan for Electricity aims to increase non-fossil fuel's share of total electricity production from 35% to 39% by 2020.
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